Wednesday, September 2, 2026 · Petrol Rs 342.79 · USD/PKR 277.50 · Gold Rs 466136/tola
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Articles for author: Sayed Sameed Hussain

The Political Economy of Accountability

The accountability system of Pakistan is evolving. The emergence of the National Accountability Bureau, courts, and the accountability system of the National Assembly have all helped accountability to nurture. However, these institutions, no matter specialized like NAB or unspecialized like the Federal Investigation Agency, have failed to give fruitful results. The reason to these failures lies in the structure of the political economy of Pakistan. Any political leader,across the globe, gains his political capital through one of the three political designs that are ClientPattern, Charisma and Programmatic. In Pakistan, majority of the political capital is gained through ClientPattern. Now what

Hamza Azhar SalamEditor — Hamza Azhar Salam · Write to us with suggestions or tips
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